Liquid dispenoer



Gv A. BOBRICK LIQUID DISPENSER Filed July 2o. 1920 May 1(926.

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Patented May Z5', 1926.

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This invention relates generally to liquid dispensers and although I describe ymy in vention particularly as applied to the dispensing of liquid soap, 5 that the invention is it will be understood not necessarily limited to that particular work, although in its pre- 'lierre d details the present invention has been worked out and perfected with that particular service in vievv- Tl'ie present invention also relates to .tun

ther improvements in liquid dispenser shown iin-my previous Letters Patents and applications. ln my prior patent penser?, No.

v( )ctober Q6, 191.5, I form of apparatus in measured quantities,

liquid to prevent constant flow gardless of the position in may be held by the user. my device the valvular positively7 rather than by entitled Liquid lsoap dis- 1,158,166fissued to me on describe and claim a adapted to dispense a and adapted of the liquid, re-

Which the device lIn this 1form` of means arev operated spring action, etc.

In my application Serial No. 78,814, li-led Feb. i7, i916 I described another specific iforin of liquid dispenser which the valvularineens-arel actuated by springs, by the or by' gravity; and in my filed Aug. 18, out, describe and claim a form of dispenser in which the valvular means are positivelyoperated. The form of this last mentioned prior` application. is, in its generaly .c liaracteristies, similar to the device .of

the presentr application; and

the broader claims which may cover both of these devices application,

will contain speaking. are

are to be left in said. prior while the presentA application the claims which, generally more peculiar tothe present particular ormof the device. y

The general, object of the present invention isv in a', dispensing device adapted to dispense meas r adapted toprevent any that liquid; to provide uredquantities ot liquids, Y

continuous flow of such a device in a siiriple,A easily and` inexpensively manufactured form, eiiectivein operation, andfree from leakage.

and

ent invention, the following Other `more specific objects',

corresponding advantages oil the pres'- ivill behest understood from detailed description tot Vmy nowpreferred specific torin. ofl device embodying' the invention; but it will` be undersfoga that i do not give this specific and the `general type of V and yno parts v from its. forward end detailed description primarilyifor Athe pury poseen limiting my invention to such details, but for the purpose oit' enablingaclear andaccurate understanding lof my invention to be had-, aswell in its broad aspectsfas in f' its more speciiicaspects. ,l

speciiic description of a preferred form,

Wliiclier f Fig.. 1 is an enlarged central longitudinal section of my device in its normal position;

Fig 2 is a similar section showing the device actuated to an intermediate position; Fig. 3 isal similar sectionslio'wing 'the device in itslin-iiting position of actuation; Figi. 4 is va cross-section taken on line lfloi Fig. l 5 and Fig. 5 nis a cross-sectiontalren onL line 5&5 of FigfQf.` y I d It isundeistood in they art as practiced by me, and asset forth iii-my said Letters Ijateiitsf that such a liquid` dispenser as I l herein illustrateand describe may be used in connection with any kind of gravity or pressure feed.v system-,- and either with an individual reservoir or supply for each dispensin apparatus, or with a coi'nmon reservoir o supply for a number of such apparatus. .n Gonsequently, it is not necessary here to describev in` detailvany suppl-y systemk or means it being sui'licient for av description and understanding. of the present invention to simply understand that the liquid is supplied under gravit y or other `,pressure throughy` a pipe or 'tulie or ythe like which is screwed into Vthe kopenk screw-threaded end l0 ofthe body 1l oimyy device#v .y f Y iThe body ll of my present form ofdevice preferably made Without yany joints and Wit out any projections oryrecesses, corners, etcwinwhich dirtL grease-or soap vsuds `may be caughtand held; Y The body may be made preferably integrally of one piece and may be either machined out of a solid ybar f of. metal. ormay be castand machined as necessary.k It is preterably smoothly` inf ishedV externally.V It isa feature of ,.my

ypresent construction that the body lcarries f that are put snor into the body ithe-,-rarts,andn0wb1y the displacement `ichaifnber member, being inserted ini place from therear end olthe body infrsuclra/manperthattliey cannotbe removed er, loosened Without iirst removing the Whole device from its supply pipe.-

- lindrical part 18 The body has a large bore 12 extending forwardly from its rear end and ending at a rearwardly facing shoulder 13; and from this shoulder 13 a smaller bore 14 extends on t'o the front end of the body. At the forward end of the larger bore 12, screwthreads are provided at 15; and the forward open end of a displacement chamber member 16 is screw-threaded into the screw-thread 15. The forward end of member 16 is screwed down tightly upon a washer 17 which is composed of some suitable yielding material, such as leather. This washer is made to iit as tightly as practicable (without causing undue friction) around the cyof plunger 19, whenV the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1. The cylindrical part 18 constitutes a part of the valvular head of the plunger, which head also includes the flange 2O that also co-operates with washer 17 to perform valvular function.V When the part-s are in this position, the flange- 20 on or near the end of plunger 19 is pressed forwardly against the washer 17 by the spring 21, which spring bears against the shoulder 24a at the rear end of the displacement chamber 23 and bears against the flange 20 of the plunger 19. his spring is of suicient strength to press the flange20 rmly against washer 17 to make a liquid tight joint. The specific function of Iiange 20 is to seal the device against leakage when-in normal position. Spring 21 is mounted tightly on hub 20' which is of sutcient length 4to hold the spring in proper centralposition and prevent it rubbing against the wall of member 16.

Admission to displacement chamber 23 is provided by a'port 24, which is preferably a cylindrical bore and is adapted to be closed by a cylindrical valve'pinV 25 which is pointed at 26 to facilitate its entry into the port 24. In normal position of the device the port 24 is open, but is closed by thc valve pin 25 when the device is moved, as will be hereinafter described. Valve pin 25 is mounted in the rear end of plunger 19, and the distance between the valve seat surface of head 2O and the end of valve pin 25 is so related to the length of member 16 and the length of chamber 23, as to cause the specific operations as hereinafter set forth. f

The plunger 19 has a reduced portion adjacent cylindrical portion 18 as indicated at 30, so that an annular space is left at 31 around that part ofthe plunger that is normally within the bore 14. 7When in the position shown in Fig. 1, this annular space does not communicate at all with the displacement chamber 23, nor does it communicate with the displacement cylinderat any time while the port 24 is open; only communicating with vthat measuring chamber when the device has moved to such a position as shown in Fig. 3. lVhen in the position shown in Fig. 3 this annular space also communicates with the discharge nozzle opening 32. This nozzle opening may preferably be provided through a nozzle 33 formed as a separate piece and forced tightly or screwthreaded into the body 11.

Projectingv forwardly from plunger 19 there is a plunger stem 35 which carries :1 suitable push button 36 at its forward end, the push button being of such shape as to be adapted to be pushed against by the palm `or heel of the hand. The push button 36 is preferably screw-threaded at 37 onto the forward end of stem 35; and rearwardly of the push button and around the stem there lies a sleeve 38 whose rear bears against an annular packing 39. This annular packing may be of any suitable material, preferably of asbestos twine. By screwing push button 36 onto stem 35, it will be seen that the annular packing 39 will be readily compressed longitudinally and will thus be ei;-I panded radially to press with suiiicient force against the wall of bore 13 and around stem 35. By this means the plunger may be packed tight in bore 14 and no leakage of liquid can occur at this point. Vhen the packing is set at the proper compression, `the push button 36 may be set in position by the set screw 40 which extends through push button 36 and screws into stem 35; suii-cient spaces being provided to allow oi' tightening adjustment.

When the device is in the position shown in Fig. 1, with valve head-2O pressed forwardly against washer 17, no liquid can reach the discharge nozzlev 33, because of the eifectively tight joint between the valve head flange 2O and the washer. When the plunger is moved rearwardly toward the position shown in Fig. 2, the washer 17, and the fit of part 18 in bore 14, prevent any substantial flow or leakage of liquid to the nozzle, because they fit the cylindrical part 18 of the plunger sufliciently tightly to prevent such iiow or leakage. The rela-- tion of the parts is such that, when the device reaches the position shown in Fig. 2, with the cylindrical part 18 still engaging washer 17, and also preferably still engaging in the smaller bore 14, but just about t-o leave Vengagement with this washer and with the smaller bore, the end 26 of valve pin 25 has just fully entered the port 24 and has just cut off communication of the supply with measuring chamber 23. The length of the cylindrical part 18 is greater than the distance from port 24 to the cylindrical part of the pin at 26a. A further comparatively slight movement rearwardly of the parts then carries the annular space 31 rearwardly into direct communication withchamber 23,- and then, during further Y position when the plunger is in motion,

rearward movement of the parts, this annular space 31 remains in communication with displacement chamber 23 and also with pin 25' nozzle passage 32, and the valve continues to keep port 24 closed. Consequently, during this further rearward movement from after the time that' space 31 has come into communication with displacement chamber 23, the liquid in the chamber 23 stroke of the 'plunger after communication of space 31 with the displacement chamber. A predetermined quantity of liquid is thus discharged through the nozzle upon each inward stroke of the plunger.V

Now it will be seenthat rthe co-operative action ofthe two valvular means herein described is determined by the relation of (1) the distance between the shoulder at 2la and the rear end 16 of member 16 (in other words, the lengthV of chamber 23) ;k (2) .the distance between the point 26l at the end of valve pin 25 and the forward valve seat surface 2()a of the valve head or flange 20; and (3) the distance between the point 26a and the point 18a at the rear end `of the cylindrical part 1S of plunger 19. It is readily seen, without the necessity of further detailed description, that these distances determine the relative positions at which the valve head 20 seats on Washer 17, at which the end 26 of the valve pin 25 closes port 24, and at which communication is established between space 31 and displacement chamber 23. that the thickness of washer 17 has nothing whatever to do with the co-operative action of the three valvular means. lt may also be here` further explained that the primaryr functions of the displacement chamber memf ber 16 are, first, to hold the washer 17 in and, second, to make the distance between the inner face k16a of washer 17 and face 24, of the displacement chamber, exactly the same as the'distance from the face 20a Vof the valve to the end of pin 25, regardless of the thickness of the washer 17. case, itis comparatively easy to so manufacture` the device that these controlling distances have proper relations to each other; and the parts having been once properly made to size, the assembly cannot be made in anything but the correct manner. Y

ln the movement of the device from the position shown in Fig. 2, througha distance sufficient to carry the point 18a rearwardly to the rear face (the left hand face rproper operation,

lt will also be seen Vposed part that can Such being the. n

a feed pipe or the like, a

in the drawings) lof washer 17, there must of course be a suflicient allowance, by leakage, or by compressibility of the liquid, or both, to permit this movement. Of course it will be understood that this is necessary only while .the plunger is inmotion; as soonl as 'displacement ychamber 23 to lill it vready for 'the next operation.

The plunger in its outward stroke has created a vacuumfin advance of the flow of liquid.`

It will be seen that the which I herein describe is very simple in its construction and can be very easily and inexpensively manufactured and assembled, and' also that it is effective in its operation. lt is subject to no leakage, and can not be so operated as to allow a continuous flow or leakage of liquid. .lts parts which must be accurately dimensioned in order to cause made accurate in size; and it has been shown that the assembly of the parts can not in any manner change the accuracy ofthose relations.` There are no exposed parts that can be accidentally, or even mischievously, removed or loosened by a user; the only eX- be loosened is the push button; and, while it is held on with a s et screw and therefore difficult to loosen without the use of a tool, yet even if it is looscned it does not put the device out'of operation.

Having described a preferred form. of my invention, I claim zl 1. In a liquid dispenser, a body having a rear end opening adapted to be connected to large bore extending forwardly from the opening, a smaller bore extending to the forward endof thebody from the large bore, a member fitting the large bore and'insertible in it from its rear end and having an inlet port therethrough and forming at its forward side a displacement cham ber extending rearwardly of the forward end of the' large bore, a plunger having an enlargement on'its rear end and fitting 1n by the momentum As. soon as the valve pin 25 is entered fully into port 24,

form of device are parts which ,are easily iso and extending forwardly through the smaller bore with the enlargement in the displacement chamber, said enlarged end constituting valvular means adapted to close exit from the forward end Lot the chamber; and valvular means carried by the plunger to close the said inlet port.

2. In a `liquid dispenser, a body having a rear end opening adapted to be connected to a feed pipe or the like, a large bore estending yforwardly from the opening, a smaller bore ext-ending to the forward end of the body from the large bore, a member fitting the large bore and insertable in it from its rear end and having an inlet port therethrough and forming at its forward side a displacement chamber ent-ending rearwardly of the forward end of the large bore, a plunger having an enlargement on its rear end and fitting in and extending torwardly through the smaller bore 7ith the enlargement in the displacement chamber, said enlarged end constituting valvular means adapted to close exit from the torward end oiLA the chamber; the said port comprising a longitudinal bore through said member, and a valve pin carried by the plunger and adapted to pass into said port.

3. In a liquiddispenser, a hollow body, a movable plunger extending within the bod an oulet from the body, valvular means coniprising a valve head on the plunger and moving therewith to close the outlet when the plunger is at one end ot its stroke, a displacement chamber member within the body and said member having` an inlet port leading to its contained displacement chamber, and valvular means ior closing said port when the plunger is moved toward the other end of its stroke embodying a valve member carried by and moving with the plunger.

Ll. ln aliquid dispenser, a hollow body, a movable plunger extending Vwithin the body, an outlet from the body, valvular means comprising a valve head on the plunger and moving therewith to close the outlet when the plunger is at one end of its stroke, a displacement chamber member within the body and said member having an inlet port leading to its contained displacement chainber, and valvular means ior closing said port when the plunger is moved toward the other end of the stroke embodying a valve member carried by and n'ioving with the plunger; the vali/'e head and the said valve member being in fixed deiinite relation to each other on the plunger so that the opening of the i'irst mentioned valvular means and the closing oi" the second mentioned valvular means occur in fixed definite relation to each other.

5. In a liquid dispenser, a hollow body, a movable plunger extending within the body, an outlet from the body, valvular means comprising a valve head on the plunger and leading to its contained displacement chamber, and ialvular means for closing said port when the plunger is moved toward the other end ot the stroke embodying a valve member carried by and moving with the plunger; the i'irst mentioned valvular means embodying also a valve seat washer within the body and held in place therein by the end ol' the displacement chamber member; the valve head and the said valve member being in definite relation to each other and also a distance apart from each other that bears a dennite rela-.tion to the distance between the washer holding end oit' the displacement chamber member and its inlet port, so that the opening of means and the closing ot' the second mentio` ed valvular means occur in lined delinite relation to each other.

in a liquid dispenser, a hollow body having two long tudinal intercommunicating bores one large and one small, with a shoulder at the end ot the larger bore, a reeiprocable in the smaller bore and i head which projects into thel larger a valve washer in the larger bore l igainst its shoulder and normally enthe ve head when the plunger is "te, a displacement Chamber member comprising a member iitting in la bore and having an open end bearing against the washer to hold it in place and having at its opposite end an inlet port to ts chamber; and a valve member carried by he plunger and adapted to enter and close i cd port when the plunger is moved Sill i normal position.

i liquid dispenser, a hollow body hav` ing two longitudinal intereommunicating bores one large and one small, with a shoulder at the end of the larger bore, a plunger reciprocable in the smaller bore and having a head which projects into the larger bore, a valve washer in the larger bore seated against its shoulder and normally engaged by the valve head when the plunger is at one end oiI stroke, a displacement chamber member con'iprising a member litting in the bore and having an open end bearing i' the washer to hold it in place and its opposite end an inlet port to i, Y. ember carried by inger e adapted to enter and close n l' position; the valve member tad ot the plunger being so f their distance apart )enig so rel ted to the length ot the chammember between its washer engaging end and its inlet port, that the valve member enters and substantially closes the inlet port the irst mentioned valvular l lil() the `larger bore and just before the plunger head in its move-` ment leaves engagement with the Washer.

8. In a liquid dispenser, a hollow body having tivo longitudinal intercommunicating bores one large and one small, with a shoulder at the end ot the larger bore, a plunger reciprocable in the smaller bore and having a head which .projects into the larger bore, a valve washer inthe larger bore seated against its shoulder and normally engaged by the valve head when the plunger is at one end of its stroke, a displacement chamber member comprising a member tittingin the larger bore and having an open end bearing against the Washer to hold it in place and having at its opposite end an inlet port to its chamber; the ing a cylindrical portion which passes an lits through the Washer which is annular, and embodying a flange adjacent one end of the cylindrical portion which flange in the normal position of the plunger bears against the face of the Washer, the plunger having a reduced portion adjacent the other end ot the cylindrical portion; and a valve pin carriedby the plunger ,and adapted WhenL the plunger is inoved from its normal position to enter and close the inlet port to the displacement chamber; the distance between the entering end of the valve pin and ther last mentioned end yof the cylindrical head portion being so related to the length ot the chamber member between its inlet port and its washer engaging end that the valve pin enters and substantially closes the port not later than the time the cylindrical head portion in the movement ot the plunger leaves engagement with the washer.

,9. In a liquid dispenser, a hollen7 body having tivo longitudinal intercommunicating bores one large and one small, With a shoul-p der at the end of the larger bore, a plunger reciprocable in the smaller bore and having a head which projects into the larger bore, a. valve Washer in the larger bore seated against its shoulder and normally engaged by the valve head When the plunger is at one end of its stroke, a displacement cham ber member comprising a member fitting in having an open end bearingl against the Washer to hold it in place and having at its opposite` end an in,- let port to itsvchamber; the plunger head embodying `a cylindrical c portion which passes and fits through the Washer which is annular, and embodying a llange adjacent one end of the cylindrical portion which flange in the normal position oi' the plunger bears against the face of the Washer, the plunger having a reduced portion adjacent the other end of the cylindrical portion; and

the plunger and a valve pin carried by moved from its adapted `ivhen the plungeris normal position to enter and close the inlet f disport to the displacement chamber; the

plunger head embody dy bythe valve head when the plunger is at' tion in the `movement ot' the rhaving' at itsopposite end tancek between the entering end ot the valve pin and the last mentioned end ot the cylindricalhead portion being so related to the length of the chamber member between its inlet port andl its Washer engaging end that one end of its stroke, a displacement chainber member comprising a member fitting in the larger bore and having an open end bearing against the Washer to hold it in place and having at its opposite end an inlet port to Vits chamber; the plunger head embodying a cylindrical p'ortion'ivhich passes and lits through the Washer which is annular, and embodying a lange adjacent one end or' the cylindrical portion Which flange in the normal position of kthe plunger bears against the face of the washer, the plunger having a reduced portion adjacent the other endy ot' the cylindrical portion; and a valve pin carried by the plunger and adapted When the plunger is removed from its normal position to enter and close the inlet port to the displacement chamber; the distance between the entering end ot the valve pin and the last mentioned end of the cylindrical head portion being so related to the length of the 'chamber member between its inlet port and its Washer engaging end that the valve pin enters and substantiallycloses the port not later than the time the cylindrical head porn plunger leaves engagement with the Washer; the small bore having an outlet which is in communication with the lreduced portion of the plunger; and acpacking'laid in a groove around they plunger outsile the outlet, the plunger projecting beyond the end'oi' the bore'and having a handle. t 1 f j 1i. In Va liquid dispenser, a hollowfbody having tivo longitudinal j intercommunicating bores one llarge and one small, with a shoulder at the end of' the larger bore, a plunger reciprocable in the smaller' bore and having, a head which projects into the larger bore, a valvev Washer in the larger bore yseated against its shoulder yand normally engaged by the valve head when the plunger is at one end of its stroke, a displacement chamber member comprising a member Afitting in the largerbore and having an open end bearing against the Washer to hold it in place and j i an inlet port lo its chamber; the plunger head embodying a cylindrical portion which passes and tits through the washer which is annular, and embodying a flange adjacent one end of the cylindrical portion which flange in the normal position of the plunger bears against the face oit' the washer, the plunger having a reduced portion adjacent the other end of the cylindrical portion; and a valve pin car-V ried by the plunger and adapted when the plunger is moved from its normal position to enter and close the inlet port to the displacement chainber; the distance between the entering end of the valve pin and the last mentioned end of the cylindrical head portion being so related to the length of the chamber member between its inlet port and its washer engaging end that the valve pin enters and substantially closes the port not later than the time the cylindrical head portion in the movement of the plunger leaves engagement with thle washer; the small bore having an outlet whichis in communication with the reduced portion of the plunger; and a packing laid in agroove around the plunger outside the outlet, means for longitudinally compressing the packing embodying a sleeve around` the plunger, and a handle screw threaded onto the end of the plunger and bearing against the sleeve.

12. In a liquid dispenser a body having longitudinal bores relatively small and large, a plunger extending through the smaller bore into the larger bore, co-acting valvular means between the body and ilunger, a displacement chamber member embodying a hollow cylindrical body with one end closed and the other end open, the open end inserted in the larger bore so that the hollow of the member encompasses the plunger, said member having a port in its closed end, and a port closing member car- V ried by the plunger and adapted to close the port when the plunger is moved.

13. In a liquid dispenser, abody having two longitudinal bores one large and one small and a shoulder at the forward end of the larger bore where the smaller bore joins it, a plunger extending rearwardly through the smaller bore and having at its rear end a head which entends into the larger bore, a displacement chamber member embodying a hollow cylindrical body with one end closed and the other open and the member lying in the larger bore with its open end toward the shoulder, co-operating valvular means on the plunger head and the body adjacent the forward end of the large bore, the rear closed end ofthe chamber member having an inlet port, and a port closing; member carried by the plunger.

14. In a liquid dispenser, a body having two longitudinal bores one large and one small and a shoulder at the forward end of the larger bore where the smaller bore joins it, a plunger extending rearwardly through the smaller bore and having at its rear end a head which extends into the la `ger bore, a displacement chamber member embodying a hollow cylindrical body with one end closed and the other open and the member lying in the larger bore with its open end toward the shoulder, co-operating valvular means on the plunger head and the body adjacenty the forward end of the large bore, said means embodying a cylindrical part of the plunger which lits the smaller bore for a certain distance forward of the forward end of the larger bore, the rear closed end of the chamber member having an inlet port, and a port closing member carried by the plunger; the relative placements of the parts being such that the port closing member enters the port at a time not later than that at which the cylindrical part of the plunger leaves engagement with the smaller bore.

15. In a device of the character described, in combination with a. body having a bore and a plunger movable therein, means for packing the plunger in the bore embodying a reduced stem portion on the plunger ending at a shoulder, a packing around the stem against the shoulder, a sleeve around the stem and bearing longitudinally against the packing', and a handle mounted on the outer end of the stem and abutting against the sleeve to hold it in adjusted position.

16. In a device of the character described, in combination with a body having a bore and a plunger movable therein, means for packing the plunger in the bore embodying a reduced stem portion on the plungerending at a shoulder, a packing around the stem againstthe shoulder, a sleeve around the stem and bearing longitudinally against the packing, a handle screw-threaded on the stem and bearing against the outer end of the sleeve and means to lock said handle on the sten.

17. In a device of the character described, in combination with a body having a bore and aV plunger movable therein, means for packing the plunger in the bore embodying a reduced stem port-ion on the plunger end ing at a shoulder, a packing around the stem against the shoulder, a sleeve around the stem and bearing longitudinally againstthe packing, a handle screw-threaded on the outer end of the stem and bearing against the outer end of the sleeve, and a set screw passing longitudinally through the handle and screwing into the end of the stem to set the sleeve in position so that the handle will not be moved relatively to the stem when the plunger is reciprocated through the medium of the handle.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 14th day of July, 1920.

GABRIEL A. BOBRICK. 

